DRAFT
2025-01-24 21:08:25
Type: Object/s-Discovery/Classification
Bibcode: 2025TNSAN..34....1C
ZTF superluminous supernova candidates
Source Group: ZTF
Abstract:
We report 12 ZTF superluminous supernova candidates selected by our software filter and subsequent human vetting. In this sample, a typical rise time is longer than 20 days and a typical peak r-band magnitude is 19-20 mag. We encourage spectroscopic classifications.
The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF; Bellm et al. 2019; Graham et al. 2019) Superluminous Supernova Science Program (Lunnan et al. 2020; Yan et al. 2020; Chen et al. 2023a,b) reports 12 candidate SLSNe, following the methodology outlined by Perley et al. (in prep.) We selected transients that have long rise time (>20 days) and/or faint host galaxies.
We summarise properties of the candidates in the Related Objects Table. These include coordinates, current magnitudes, approximate rise times, photometric redshifts of potential host galaxies (taken from the SDSS DR14 or the DESI Legacy Survey DR 10) and special remarks.
Spectroscopic classifications and additional follow-up observations of these transients are encouraged.
This report is based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48-inch and the 60-inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-2034437 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, Trinity College Dublin, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, and IN2P3, France. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW.
| Catalog | Name | Reported RA | Reported DEC | Reported Obj-Type | Reported Redshift | Host Name | Host Redshift | Remarks | TNS RA | TNS DEC | TNS Obj-Type | TNS Redshift |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNS | 2024aepc [ZTF24abykyaj] | 10:47:53.281 | +29:56:55.69 | SDSS J104753.20+295656.0 | r = 19.6 mag. The transient has slowly rising by 1 mag over 14 days and has remained flat for 30 days, showing some bumpy features. Its color still appears blue. The host galaxy has r ~ 21 mag, with a photo-z from the DESI Legacy Survey of 0.303 ± 0.128, which is consistent with the photo-z from SDSS of 0.381 ± 0.065. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient reaches an absolute magnitude of -21.2 mag. This object has been suggested as a SLSN candidate by NEEDLE (AstroNote 2025-10). | 10:47:53.281 | +29:56:55.69 | |||||
| TNS | 2024adxt [ZTF24abwzbei] | 15:15:10.232 | +10:26:57.78 | SDSS J151510.27+102657.5 | r = 19 mag. The transient exhibits a long-duration light curve, with a possible slow rise of 1 mag over 30 days, followed by a flat phase lasting 20 days. The host galaxy has r ~ 22.3 mag, with a photo-z from SDSS of 0.525 ± 0.141. Based on this photo-z estimate, the transient reaches an absolute magnitude of -23.2 mag. This object has been suggested as a SN candidate by ELEPHANT (AstroNote 2025-6) and a SLSN candidate by NEEDLE (AstroNote 2025-10). | 15:15:10.232 | +10:26:57.78 | |||||
| TNS | 2024agtx [ZTF24abwswlr] | 14:19:12.400 | +37:35:04.09 | r = 19.5 mag (5 days ago). The light curve has been slowly rising by 1 mag over 50 days. It appears to be an orphan transient, as the host galaxy is fainter than the detection limit of the DESI Legacy Survey. | 14:19:12.400 | +37:35:04.09 | ||||||
| TNS | 2024aelk [ZTF24abysuvn] | 12:29:14.688 | +25:41:18.81 | SDSS J122914.62+254118.0 | The transient was discovered by Pan-STARRS (PS24muv). It currently has r = 19 mag, rising by 1.5 mag over 14 days and remaining flat for 30 days with some bumpy features. The host galaxy has r = 19 mag, with an SDSS photo-z of 0.121 ± 0.0252, consistent with a photo-z of 0.117 ± 0.020 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient reaches an absolute magnitude of -19.6 mag. | 12:29:14.688 | +25:41:18.81 | AGN | 0.12 | |||
| TNS | 2024aayc [ZTF24abnpqbj] | 21:56:28.381 | +70:10:20.01 | SDSS J215628.28+701022.0 | r = 19.6 mag. The transient has a long duration for over 100 days, exhibiting a bumpy light curve. The host galaxy has r = 20.5 mag, with a photo-z of 0.186 ± 0.0636 from SDSS. Based on this photo-z, the transient reaches an absolute magnitude of -20 mag. | 21:56:28.381 | +70:10:20.01 | |||||
| TNS | 2025al [ZTF24abscbpa] | 06:02:43.920 | -20:45:06.00 | r = 19.4 mag (5 days ago). The transient was registered by the XOSS group on 2025-01-03 (KATS25A003). The first detection by ZTF was on 2024-10-27. Since then, the light curve has been slowly rising by 0.8 mag over 40 days and has remained flat for 50 days. The transient is offset from a faint red host, and no photo-z is available. | 06:02:43.920 | -20:45:06.00 | SLSN-I | 0.43 | ||||
| TNS | 2024aakq [ZTF24abqclae] | 02:44:05.175 | +36:26:39.40 | r = 19.6 mag. The light curve has been slowly rising by 1.5 mag over 30 days and has remained flat for 60 days. The host appears as an extended blue source in Pan-STARRS1 images. | 02:44:05.175 | +36:26:39.40 | ||||||
| TNS | 2024abpg [ZTF24abtejwy] | 00:14:17.798 | +03:25:49.24 | SDSS J001417.82+032551.4 | r = 19.1 mag (9 days ago). The light curve has been slowly rising by 2 mag over 40 days and has slightly faded over the past 30 days. The host galaxy has r = 19 mag, with an SDSS photo-z of 0.129 ± 0.0298, similar with a photo-z of 0.170 ± 0.023 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient reached a peak absolute magnitude of -20 mag. | 00:14:17.798 | +03:25:49.24 | SN Ia-CSM | 0.154 | |||
| TNS | 2024zxj [ZTF24abpqeun] | 15:56:57.689 | +19:28:29.33 | SDSS J155657.76+192830.8 | r = 18 mag. The first ZTF detection was 83 days ago, showing a rise of 1.6 mag over 40 days, despite a long gap in observations. It then slightly faded by 0.3 mag over the past 40 days. The host galaxy has r = 20 mag, with an SDSS photo-z of 0.179 ± 0.0537, consistent with a photo-z of 0.169 ± 0.080 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient reached a peak absolute magnitude of -21.7 mag. | 15:56:57.695 | +19:28:29.50 | |||||
| TNS | 2024affj [ZTF24abtqrfi] | 01:58:13.091 | -06:05:06.10 | SDSS J015813.10-060506.1 | r = 19.2 mag. The transient was registered in TNS by the ATLAS team on 2024-12-28 (ATLAS24ryc). The first detection by ZTF was on 2024-10-25, and since then, the light curve has been slowly rising by 2 mag over 90 days. The transient appears to be located at the center of its host galaxy but is not listed as an AGN candidate in VizieR. The host galaxy has r = 20.3 mag, with an SDSS photo-z of 0.599 ± 0.1780, consistent with a photo-z of 0.581 ± 0.152 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient reached a peak absolute magnitude of -23.4 mag. | 01:58:13.104 | -06:05:05.90 | |||||
| TNS | 2024agtz [ZTF24abwsuty] | 10:38:07.660 | +27:51:08.28 | r = 20.1 mag (18 days ago). Although the last detection was 18 days ago, the target position is still well visible. The transient has a long-duration light curve with some bumps, and its color still appears blue. The host galaxy has r = 22.2 mag, with a photo-z of 0.616 ± 0.134 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on this photo-z estimate, the transient reached a peak absolute magnitude of -22.7 mag. | 10:38:07.660 | +27:51:08.28 | ||||||
| TNS | 2024acbq [ZTF24abtdzwa] | 22:11:43.411 | +10:05:01.10 | SDSS J221143.44+100502.9 | r = 19.4 mag. The first ZTF detection was 65 days ago, showing a rise of 1 mag over 20 days, followed by a plateau lasting 45 days. The host galaxy has r = 20.6 mag, with an SDSS photo-z of 0.109 ± 0.0419 and a photo-z of 0.199 ± 0.043 from the DESI Legacy Survey. Based on these photo-z estimates, the transient has an absolute magnitude between -19 and -20.6 mag. | 22:11:43.411 | +10:05:01.10 |
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